Research

 

 

Ahrnberg, H., Korja, R., Scheinin, N.M., Nolvi, S., Kataja, E-L, Kajanoja, J., Hakanen, H., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H. & Karukivi, M. (2021).  Maternal alexithymic traits are related to lower maternal sensitivity and higher hostility in maternal caregiving behavior—The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study.  Frontiers in Psychology, 12.

Almeida, A.S., Giger, J-C.,  Mendonça, S., Fuertes, M., & Nunes, C. (2022).  Emotional availability in mother-child and father-child interactions as predictors of child’s attachment representations in adoptive families.  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, 1-16.

Allen, B., Timmer, S., Urquiza. A. (2014). Parent-child interaction therapy as an attachment-based intervention: Theoretical rationale and pilot data with adopted children. Children and Youth Services Review, 47, 334-341.

Altenhofen, S., Biringen, Z., & Sutherland, K. (2010). Families experiencing divorce: Age at onset of overnight stays, conflict, and emotional availability as predictors of child attachment, Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 51, 141-156.

Altenhofen, S., Clyman, R., Little, C., Baker, M., & Biringen, Z. (2013).  Attachment security in three-year-olds who entered substitute care in infancy.  Infant Mental Health Journal, 34, 435-445.

Altenhofen, S., Sutherland, K. & Biringen, Z. (2010) Families experiencing divorce: Age at onset of overnight stays, conflict, and emotional availability as predictors of child attachment.  Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 51, 3, 141-156.

Aran, P., Lewis, A.J., Watson, S.J,. Nguyen, T., Galbally, M. (2021).  Emotional availability in women with bipolar disorder and major depression: A longitudinal pregnancy cohort study. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 55, 1079-1088.

Aran, P., Lewis, A., Watson, S., & Galbally, M. (2021a). Major depression and generalised anxiety disorder: An analysis of the effects of remission status and comorbidity on mother-infant emotional availability in the perinatal period.  Journal of Clinical Psychology, 78, 570-589.

Aran, P., Lewis, A.J., Watson, S.J., Macmillan, K., Power, J., Galbally, M., (2021b). A Psychometric study of the Emotional Availability Scales: Construct validity and measurement invariance between depressed and nondepressed mother-infant dyads. Psychological Assessment, 34, 70-81.

Aran, Ö., Phu, T., Erhart, A., Watamura, S., Kim, P. (2023).  Neural activation to infant cry among Latina and non-Latina White mothers. Behavioral Brain Research, 12, 441, 114298.

Aras, A., Fonagy, P., Campbell, C., Rosan, C. (2024). What do we know about parental embodied mentalizing? A systematic review of the construct, assessment, empirical findings, gaps and further steps. Attachment & Human Development, 26, 588-624.

Arikan, G., Acar, I.H., Kumru, A., & Ünsal, F. Ö. (2025). Maternal symptoms and emotional availability predicting children's behavior problems: A longitudinal study. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 97.

Atkinson, N. H., Gennis, H., Racine, N. M., & Riddell, R. P. (2015). Caregiver emotional availability, caregiver soothing behaviors, and infant pain during immunization. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 40, 1105-1114.

Atzaba-Poria, N., Meiri, G., Millikovsky M, Barkai A, Dunaevsky-Idan, M., Yerushalmi, B. (2010).  Father-child and mother-child interaction in families with a child feeding disorder: The role of paternal involvement. Infant Ment Health Journal, 31, 682-698.

Augustin, M., Mall, V., & Licata-Dandel, M. (2024).  ADHD symptoms in middle childhood: The role of child attachment and maternal emotional availability in an inpatient clinical sample. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology, and Education, 14, 1572-1584.

Austin, M.-P., Christl, B., McMahon, C., Kildea, S., Reilly, N., Yin, C., Simcock, G., Elgbeili, G., Laplante, D.P., & King, S. (2017). Moderating effects of maternal emotional availability on language and cognitive development in toddlers of mothers exposed to a natural disaster in pregnancy: The QF2011 Queensland Flood Study. Infant Behavior and Development, 49, 296-309.

Aviezer, O. (2008). Emotional availability and the complexity of child care: A commentary. Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, 4, 75–81.

Azhari, A., Wong, A., Lim, M., Macapinlac, B., Gabrieli, G., Setoh, P. & Esposito, G. (2020).  Parents' past bonding experience with their parents Iiteracts with current parenting stress to influence the quality of interaction with ttheir child.  Behavioral Sciences, 10, 114.

Bai, L., Crosby, B., & Teti, D. M. (2025). Maternal sleep, coparenting quality, and parenting across the first 2 years postpartum. Journal of Marriage and Family, Advance online publication.

Bai, L., Saini, E. K., & Teti, D. M. (2025). Maternal cortisol and parenting in infants’ first 6 months: The moderating role of family stress. Developmental Psychology, Advance online publication.

Baker, M., Biringen, Z., Meyer‐Parsons, B., & Schneider, A. (2015). Emotional attachment and emotional availability tele‐intervention for adoptive families. Infant Mental Health Journal, 36, 179-192.

Baraldi, E., Allodi, M.W., Löwing, K., Smedler, A.C., Westrup, B., & Ådén, U. (2020).  Stockholm preterm interaction-based intervention (SPIBI) - study protocol for an RCT of a 12-month parallel-group post-discharge program for extremely preterm infants and their parents. BMC Pediatric, 20, 49.

Baraldi, E., Allodi, M.W., Löwing, K., Wadström, N., Smedler, A.C., Örtqvist, M., Westrup, B.,  & Ådén, U.  (2025).Parent-child interaction after home-visiting intervention for children born extremely preterm-A randomised clinical trial. Acta Paediatrica, 114, 74-82.

Barfoot, J., Meredith, P., Ziviani, J., & Whittingham, K. (2017).  Parent-child interactions and children with cerebral palsy: An exploratory study investigating emotional availability, functional ability, and parent distress. Child Care Health & Development, 43, 812-822.

Barone, L. (2021).  Le emozioni nello sviluppo. Percorsi tipici e atipici. Roma:  Carocci. 

Barone, L.,  Barone, V., Dellagiulia, A.  & Lionett, F.   (2018).  Testing an attachment-based parenting intervention-VIPP-FC/A in adoptive families with post-institutionalized children: Do maternal sensitivity and genetic markers count? Frontiers in Psychology, 9.

Barone, L., Saunders, H., & Biringen, Z. (2015).  Strumenti di valutazione e interventi di sostegno alla genitorialità (“Parenting: Assessment and intervention”).  In Furio Lambruschi & Francesca Lionetti (Eds.)  La Disponibilità Emotiva: Razionale, Strumenti di Valutazione e Introduzione All’intervento. Carocci, Rome.

Barone, L.  & Biringen, Z. (2007). Le scale per la valutazione della disponibilità emozionale (Emotional Availability Scales-EAS).  In L. Barone, Emozioni e sviluppo.  Percorsi tipici e atipici.  Rome:  Carocci.

Belt, R.H., Kouvo, A., Flykt, M., Punamäki, R.L., Haltigan, J.D., Biringen, Z., & Tamminen, T.   (2012). Intercepting the intergenerational cycle of maternal trauma and loss through infant psychotherapy: A case study using attachment-derived methods. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 18, 100-120.

Bentenuto, A., Perzolli, S., de Falco, S., & Venuti, P. (2020). The emotional availability in mother-child and father-child interactions in families with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 75, Article 101569.

Benton, J., Coatsworth, D., & Biringen, Z. (2019).  Examining the association between emotional availability and mindful parenting.  Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28, 165-1663.

Bergmann, S., Schlesier-Michel, A., Wendt, V., Grube, M., Keitel-Korndorfer, A., Gausche, R., von Klitzing, K. & Klein, A. M. (2016). Maternal weight predicts children's psychosocial development via parenting stress and emotional availability. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1156.

Bergmann, S., von Klitzing, K., Keitel-Korndörfer, A., Wendt, V., Grube, M., Herpertz, S., Schütz, A., & Klein, A.M. (2016). Emotional availability, understanding emotions, and recognition of facial emotions in obese mothers with young children. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 80, 44-52.

Bilgin, A. & Wolke, D. (2017) Associations between feeding problems and maternal sensitivity across infancy: Differences in very preterm and full-term infants. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 38, 538-544. ISSN 0196-206X. Kent Academic Repository Downloaded from https://kar.kent.ac.uk/82294/ The University of Kent's Academic Repository KAR The version of record is available from https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000466

Biringen, Z. (1990).  Direct observation of maternal sensitivity and dyadic interactions in the home:  Relations to maternal thinking.  Developmental Psychology, 26, 278-284.

Biringen, Z. (2004).  Raising a Secure Child:  Creating Emotional Connection Between you and Your Child, New York:  A Perigee Book.

Biringen, Z. (2009).  The Universal Language of Love:  Assessing Relationships Through the Science of Emotional Availability (EA), Boulder, CO: emotionalavailability.com.

Biringen, Z. (2012).  Emotional availability (EA): Conceptualization and research on assessment and intervention for caregiver-child relationships.  In N. Erol (Ed.) Infant Mental Health (Bebek Ruh Sagligi), Ankara, Turkey:  Ankara University Press.  (English and Turkish in the same volume).

Biringen, Z.  (2000).  Emotional availability:  Conceptualization and research findings, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 70, 104-114.

Biringen, Z. (2005). Training and reliability issues with the Emotional Availability Scales. Infant Mental Health Journal, 26, 404–405.

Biringen Z. (2000) Emotional availability: conceptualization and research findings. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 70, 104-14.

Biringen, Z. (1990).  Direct observation of maternal sensitivity and dyadic interactions in the home:  Relations to maternal thinking, Developmental Psychology, 26, 278-284.

Biringen, Z. & Allender, T.  (2011, July) Using evidence-based assessments to evaluate parent-child relationship quality, Zero to Three Journal.

Biringen, Z., Altenhofen, S., Aberle, J., Baker, M., Brosal, A., Bennett, S., Coker, E.,  Lee, C., Meyer, B., Moorlag, A., & Swaim, R. (2012).  Emotional availability, attachment, and intervention in center-based child care for infants and toddlers, Development & Psychopathology, 24, 23–34.

Biringen, Z., Batten, R., Neelan, P., Altenhofen, S., Swaim, R., Bruce, A., Fetsch, R., Voitel, C., & Zachary, V. (2010).  Emotional availability (EA):  The assessment of and intervention for global parent-child relational quality.  Journal of Experiential Psychotherapy, 49, 3-9.

Biringen, Z., Closson, L., Derr-Moore, A......Warren, V., Lucas-Thompson, R., Harman, J.J., & Neu, M. (2015).  Mindfulness, emotional availability, and emotional attachment:  Three pillars of daily practice.  Zero to Three Journal, 20-26.

Biringen, Z., Derscheid, D., Vliegen, N., Closson, L., & Easterbrooks, M. A. (2014). Emotional availability (EA): Theoretical background, empirical research using the ea scales and clinical applications. Developmental Review, 34, 114-167.

Biringen, Z.  & Easterbrooks, A.E. (2012) Emotional availability:  A developmental psychopathology perspective.  Development & Psychopathology.  Vol. 24 (Edited volume).

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.E.  (2012).  Emotional Availability (EA):  Concept, research, and window on developmental and psychopathology. Development & Psychopathology, 24, 1–8.

Biringen, Z., & Easterbrooks, M.A. (2012).  The integration of emotional availability into a developmental psychopathology framework: Reflections on the Special Section and future directions. Development & Psychopathology, 24, 137–142.

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.N. (2008).  Child care and relationships.  Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, Vol. 4 (Edited volume).

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.N. (2008).  Child care and relationships.  In Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.N. et al. (Eds., invited special mini-series on child care). Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, 4, 1-3.

Biringen, Z.  & Easterbrooks, A.E. (2012) Emotional availability:  A developmental psychopathology perspective.  Development & Psychopathology.  Vol. 24 (Edited volume).

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.E.  (2012).  Emotional Availability (EA):  Concept, research, and window on developmental and psychopathology. Development & Psychopathology, 24, 1–8.

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.E. (2012) The integration of emotional availability into a developmental psychopathology framework: Reflections on the Special Section. Development & Pscyhopathology, 24, 137-142.

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.N. (2008).  Child care and relationships.  Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, Vol. 4 (Edited volume).

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.N. (2008).  Child care and relationships.  In Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A.N. et al. (Eds., invited special mini-series on child care). Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, 4, 1-3.

Biringen, Z. & Easterbrooks, A. (2000).  Response to Bretherton and Emde.  Attachment and Human Development, 2, 249-250.

Biringen, Z., Emde, R.N., Brown, D., Lowe, L., Myers, S., & Nelson, D. (1999).  Emotional availability and emotion communication in naturalistic mother-infant interaction:  Evidence for gender differentiation, Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 14, 463-478.

Biringen, Z., Emde, R. N., Campos, J. J., & Appelbaum, M. (2008) Development of autonomy: role of walking onset and its timing.  Perceptual and Motor Skills, 106, 395-414.

Biringen, Z., Emde, R.N., Campos, J.J., & Appelbaum, M. (1995).  Affective reorganization in the infant, the mother, and the dyad:  The role of upright locomotion and its timing, Child Development, 66, 499-514.

Biringen, Z., Fuchs, A., Herpertz, S., & Biringen, E.K. (2019).  Objectively measuring compassionate behavior using the Emotional Availability (EA) Scales. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 3, 11.

Biringen, Z., Brown, D., Donaldson, L., Krcmarik, S., & Lovas, G. (2000). Adult attachment interview:  Linkages with dimensions of emotional availability for mothers and their prekindergarteners. Attachment and Human Development, 2, 188-202.

Biringen, Z., Damon, J., Pipp-Siegel, S., Grigg, W., & Stratton, J. (2005) et al.  Emotional availability:  Differential predictions to infant attachment based on observation time and context. Infant Mental Health Journal, 26, 295-308.

Biringen, Z., Fidler, D. Barrett, K. & Kubicek, L.  (2005). Applying the Emotional Availability Scales to children with disabilities. Infant Mental Health Journal, 26, 369-391,

Biringen, Z., Emde, R.N., Brown, D., Lowe, L., Myers, S., & Nelson, D. (1999).  Emotional availability and emotion communication in naturalistic mother-infant interaction:  Evidence for gender differentiation, Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 14, 463-478.

Biringen, Z., Emde, R. N., Campos, J. J., & Appelbaum, M. I. (1995). Affective reorganization in the infant, the mother, and the dyad: The role of upright locomotion and its timing. Child Development, 66, 499-514. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131593

Biringen, Z., Harman, J.J., Saunders, H., & Emde, R.N. (2017).  Attachment security and emotional availability:  How research on families challenges these prominent conceptualizations.  In N. Silton (Ed).  Family Dynamics and Romantic Relationships in a Changing Society, Hershey, PA:  IGI Global.

Biringen, Z., Matheny, A., Bretherton, I., Renouf, A., Sherman, M. (2000).  Maternal representation of the self as parent, Attachment and Human Development, 2, 218-232.

Biringen, Z., Moorlag, A., Meyer, B., Wood, J., Aberle, J., Altenhofen, S., & Bennett, S. (2008).  The emotional availability (EA) intervention with child care professionals.  Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, 4, 39-52.

Biringen, Z. & Robinson, J. (1991).  Emotional availability:  A reconceptualization for research, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 61, 258-271.

Biringen, Z., Robinson, J. L., & Emde, R. N.  (1994). Maternal sensitivity in the second year:  Gender-based relations in the dyadic balance of control, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 64, 78-90.

Biringen, Z., Sandoval, K., & Flykt, M. (2022).  Emotional Availability (EA):  Clinical populations and clinical applications.  Human Development, 66, 192-215.

Biringen, Z., Sandoval, K., & Flykt, M. (2023). Observed emotional availability (EA) in the early months and adolescence and self-reported EA at any age: A narrative review. Human Development, 67, 175–192.

Biringen, Z., Skillern, S. Mone, J., & Pianta, R. (2005).  Emotional availability is predictive of the emotional aspects of children’s  “school readiness”.  Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, 1, 81-98.

Bischoff, M., Howland, V., Klinger-König, J., Tomczyk, S., Schmidt, S., Zygmunt, M., Heckmann, M., van den Berg, N., Bethke, B., Corleis, J., Günther, S., Liutkus, K., Stentzel, U., Neumann, A., Penndorf, P., Ludwig, T., Hammer, E., Winter ,T., & Grabe, H.J. (2019). Save the children by treating their mothers (PriVileG-M-study) - study protocol: a sequentially randomized controlled trial of individualized psychotherapy and telemedicine to reduce mental stress in pregnant women and young mothers and to improve Child's health. BMC Psychiatry. 19, 371

Bjorklund, O., Wichstrom, L., Llewellyn, C.H., & Steinsbekk, S. (2019).  Emotional over- and undereating in children: A longitudinal analysis of child and contextual predictors.  Child Development, 90, 803–818.

Black, M., Hager, E., Wang, Y., Hurley, K., Latta, L., Candelaria, M., Caulfield, L.  (2020). Toddler obesity prevention: A two‐generation randomized attention‐controlled trial. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 13075–13075.

Bohr, P. (2018). Evaluating caregiver sensitivity to infants: Measures matter. Infancy, 23, 730–747.

Bornstein, M. H., Gini, M., Putnick, D. L., Haynes, O. M., Painter, K. M., & Suwalsky, A. J. T. (2006). Short-term reliability and continuity of emotional availability in mother–child dyads across contexts of observation. Infancy, 10, 1–16.

Bornstein, M. H., Gini, M., Suwalsky, J. T. D., Putnick, D. L., & Haynes, O. M. (2006). Emotional availability in mother-child dyads: Short-term stability and continuity from variable-centered and person-centered perspectives. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 52, 547–571.

Bornstein, M.H., Putnick, D.L., Heslington, M., Gini, M., Suwalsky, J.T.D., Venuti, P., de Falco, S., Giusti, Z. & Zingman de Galperin, C. (2008).  Mother-child emotional availability in ecological perspective:  Three countries, two Regions, two Genders.  Developmental Psychology, 44, 666-680.

Bornstein, M., Putnick, D., Suwalsky, J (2016). Emotional interactions in European American mother-infant firstborn and secondborn dyads: A within-family study. Development Psychology, 52, 1363-1369.

Bornstein, M.H., Putnick, D.L., & Suwalsky, J.T.D.(2016).  Infant-Mother and Infant-Caregiver Emotional Relationships: Process Analyses of Interactions in Three Contemporary Childcare Arrangements. Infancy, 21, 8-36.

Bornstein, M.H., Putnick, D.L., & Suwalsky, J.T. (2012).  A longitudinal process analysis of mother-child emotional relationships in a rural Appalachian European American community. American Journal of Community Psychology, 50, 89-100.

Bornstein, M.H., Putnick, D.L., Suwalsky, J.T., Venuti, P., de Falco, S., de Galperín, C.Z., Gini, M., & Tichovolsky, M.H. (2012).  Emotional Relationships in Mothers and Infants: Culture-Common and Community-Specific Characteristics of Dyads from Rural and Metropolitan Settings in Argentina, Italy, and the United States. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 43, 171-197.

Bornstein, M.H., Suwalsky, J.T., & Breakstone, D.A. (2012).  Emotional relationships between mothers and infants: Knowns, unknowns, and unknown unknowns. Developmental Psychopathology, 24, 113-23. doi: 10.1017/S0954579411000708. PMID: 22292998; PMCID: PMC3426791.

Bornstein, M.H., Suwalsky, J.T., Putnick, D.L., Gini, M., Venuti, P,. de Falco, S., Heslington, M., de Galperín, C.Z. (2010).  Developmental continuity and stability of emotional availability in the family: Two ages and two genders in child-mother dyads from two regions in three countries. International Journal of Behavioral Development,. 15, 4, 385-397.

Bornstein, M. H., Suwalksy, J. T. D., Putnick, D. L., Gini, M., Venuti, P., de Falco, S., , Heslington, M., & Zingman de Galperin, C. (2010). Developmental continuity and stability of emotional availability in the family: Two ages and two genders in child–mother dyads for two regions in three countries. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 34, 385–397.

Boyd, R.N., Greaves, S., Ziviani, J., Novak, I., Badawi, N., Pannek, K., Elliott, C., Wallen, M., Morgan, C., Valentine, J., Findlay, L., Guzzetta, A., Whittingham, K,. Ware, R.S., Fiori, S., Maitre, N.L., Heathcock, J., Scott, K., Eliasson, A.C., & Sakzewski, L. (2025).  Randomized comparison trial of rehabilitation very early for infants with congenital hemiplegia. Journal of Pediatrics, 277, 114381.

Bozicevic, L., Lucas, C., Magai, D.N., Ooi,Y., Maliwichi, L., Sharp, H., Gladstone M.  (2024). Evaluating caregiver-child interactions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of tools and methods. Journal of Reproductive & Infant Psychology, 5, 1-36.

Branson Dame K, Jazz Harvey M, Aichele S, Kralewski Van Denburg A, Hoyer L, Joslin S, McKenna A, Lincoln M, Closson L, Flykt M, Salo S, Harvey A, Biringen Z. (2024).  Movement through motherhood: Exploring mood, wellbeing, and prenatal emotional availability (EA) through EA-based dance intervention. Infant Mental Health Journal. 45, 22-39.

Bretherton, I. (2000). Emotional availability: An attachment perspective. Attachment and Human Development, 2, 233–241.

Caldwell, J., Meredith, P. Whittingham, K., & Ziviani, J. (2022). Associations between prenatal factors and self-reported emotional availability at 3- and 6 months postpartum.   OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 7, 1-30.

Campbell, J. (2007). Understanding the emotional needs of children who are blind. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 101, 351-355.

Capistrano, C.G., Grande, L.A., McRae, K., Phan, K.L., & Kim, P. (2022).  Maternal socioeconomic disadvantage, neural function during volitional emotion regulation, and parenting. Social Neuroscience. 17, 276-292.

Carter, A.S., Garrity-Rokous, F.E., Chazan-Cohen, R., Little, C., & Briggs-Gowan, M.J. (2001). Maternal depression and comorbidity: predicting early parenting, attachment security, and toddler social-emotional problems and competencies. Journal of the American Academy of  Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 4, 18-26.

Carter, A.S., Little, C.B., & Gerrity-Takous, F. (1998).  Adapting the Emotional Availability Scales for 4-month old infant-mother dyads. Associations with molecular coding and maternal pychopathology.  Infant Behavior and Development, 21 (Supp), 25.  Retieved from http:www.sciencedirect.com.hslezproxy.ucdenver.edu/science/journal/01636383/21

Cassibba, R., van IJzendoorn, M.H., & Coppola, G. (2012).  Emotional availability and attachment across generations: variations in patterns associated with infant health risk status. Child Care Health Development. 38, 38-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01274.x. Epub 2011 Jul 13. PMID: 21752061.

Célia, M.-G., Stack, D. M., & Serbin, L. A. (2018). Developmental patterns of change in mother and child emotional availability from infancy to the end of the preschool years: A four-wave longitudinal study. Infant Behavior & Development, 52, 76–88.

Champagne, F. A., & Curley, J. P. (2009). Epigenetic mechanisms mediating the long-term effects of maternal care on development. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 33, 593-600.

Chaudhuri, J. H., Easterbrooks, M. A., & Davis, C. R. (2009). The relation between emotional availability and parenting style: Cultural and economic factors in a diverse sample of young mothers. Parenting: Science and Practice, 9(3-4), 277–299.

Cheung, H. S. (2021). Maternal sensitivity and warmth in Singapore: Cultural insights from comparing the Ainsworth and Emotional Availability Scales. Infant and Child Development, 30.

Cheung, H., & Elliot, J. (2016). Measuring maternal sensitivity: Cultural variations in the measurements of emotional availability. Child Development, 87, 898-915.

Chirico, I., Andrei, F., Salvatori, P., Malaguti, I., Trombini, E. (2019).  The Focal Play Therapy: A clinical approach to promote child health and family well-being. Frontiers in Public Health. 7, 77.

Chirico, I., Andrei, F., Salvatori, P., Malaguti, I., & Trombini, E. (2020). The Focal Play Therapy: An empirical study on the parent-therapist alliance, parent-child interactions and parenting atress in a clinical sample of children and their parents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.17, 8379.

Cimino, C. (2016). Mothers and fathers with binge eating disorder and their 18–36 months old children: A longitudinal study on parent–infant interactions and offspring’s emotional–behavioral profiles. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 580–580.

Clark, E. L. M., Yuqin, J., Sandoval, K., & Biringen, Z. (2021). Neurobiological implications of parent–child emotional availability: A review. Brain Sciences, 11, 1016.

Closson, L., Flykt, M., & Biringen, Z. (2020). Evaluation of Possums Sleep Intervention: A Pilot feasibility study, Journal of Nursing Education & Practice, 10, 15-23.

Cloud, Z.C.G., Spittle,A.,  Cheong, J., Doyle, L.W., Anderson, P.J., & Treyvaud, K (20224). Predicting externalizing behaviors in typically developing toddlers at 24 months: Insights from parenting at 12 months, Infant Behavior and Development, 76,

Cloud, Z.C.G., Kehoe, C.E., Treyvaud, K. et al. Improving emotional availability in Australian mother-toddler dyads via the Tuning in to Toddlers parenting program. Science Reports, 15, 4588 (2025).

Cohen, L., Efrat Sher-Censor, E., Oppenheim, D., Dassa, A., Ayalon, L., & Palgi1, Y. (2022a).  Emotional availability in dyads of nursing aide - Person with Dementia: Old tool, new perspective. Dementia , 21, 882-898.

Cohen, L., Efrat Sher-Censor, E., Oppenheim, D., Dassa, A., Ayalon, L., & Palgi1, Y.  (2022b).  Nursing aides' mentalization, expressed emotion, and observed interaction with resident with dementia:  A quasi-experimental study.  Geriatric Nursing, 45, 100-107.

Copeland, A., Korja1, R., Nolvi, S., Rajasilta1, O., Pulli, E.P., Kumpulainen, V.,Silver, E., Saukko, E., Hakanen, H., Holmberg, E., Kataja, E-L., Häkkinen, S.,Parkkola, P., Lähdesmäk, T., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., & Tuulari, J. (2022).  Maternal sensitivity at the age 8 months associates with local connectivity of the medial prefrontal cortex in children at 5 years of age.  Frontiers in Neuroscience. 16, 920995.

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